Decussations in sensory and motor pathways occurred because of the inversion and reversal in visual optics. Pathways in the CNS correct this discrepancy reinstating reality.

• Decussations in sensory and motor pathways occurred because of the inversion and reversal in visual optics. Pathways in the CNS correct this discrepancy reinstating reality.

• Neurons located on one side of the NS operate targets (MUSCLE & GLANDS) either directly or indirectly through synapses on the same side or on the other side.

• Ipsilateral-

• All “Lower Motoneurons” except cranial nerve IV & upper face
• All primary sensory neurons and related cord secondary nuclei
• Cerebellum, deep cerebellar nuclei and lateral vestibular nucleus (Deiters)

• Contralateral-

• Cerebral cortex
• Basal ganglia
• Dorsal Thalamus
• Red Nucleus
• Trochlear nucleus
• Pons
• Inferior olive
• Tectum- superior and inferior colliculi
• Some vestibular nuclei